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What are Membership Operators in Python
Published
05th Sep, 2023
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The membership operators are, as the name explains, used to verify a value membership. The operators are used to figure out if there are two forms of value as a part of a sequence, such as string or list membership operators: in and not in.
To check whether two variables point to the same location or not, identity operators are used. Two forms of identity operators are is and is not.
In general, operators are used to work on Python values and variables. These are regular symbols used for logical and arithmetical operations.
Identity Operators:
The Python identity operators are used to figure out whether a value is of a certain class or type. Typically, they are used for evaluating the type of information in a given variable. For example, to make sure you work with the variable type, you can combine identity operators with the built-in type() function. Python’s two identity operators are (is, is not).
is: When evaluated, is Operator in Python returns true if the variables point to the same variable on either side of the operator and return false otherwise.
Example 1:
x = 5 if (type(x) is int): print(“true”) else: print(“false”)
Output:
true
Example 2:
x =6 if(type(x) is int): print("true") else: print("false")
Output:
true
Example 3:
list1 = [9, 8, 7, ‘i’] list2 = list1 if list1 is list2: print(“True”) else: print(“False”)
Output:
True
The output here is true because list2 also refers to a list1 referenced by the variable list1. We may also use the is operator to verify if two python objects of the same type have other functions such as the type() function.
is not: The operator ‘is not’ is the exact opposite of ‘is operator’ in Python. When evaluated, the operator returns false if the variables point to the same object on either side of the operator and return true otherwise.
Example 1:
x = 5.2 if (type(x) is not int): print(“true”) else: print(“false”)
Output:
true
Example 2:
x =7.2 if(type(x) is not int): print("true") else: print("false")
Output:
true
Example 3:
new_list = [9,8,7, 'i'] new_tuple = (9,8,7, 'i') type(my_new_tuple) if type(my_new_list) is not type(my_new_tuple): print('True!, They are not of the same type') else: print("False, They are the same type")
Output:
True!, They are not of the same type
Since the tuple and the list are not the same and the operator does not check their inequality, it returns True.
Let us see a combined example of “is” and “is not”.
Example:
x = "identity operator" if (type(x) is str): print ("This is a string") else: print ("This is not a string") y=987 if (type(y) is not str): print ("This is a string") else: print ("This is not a string")
Output:
This is a string This is not string
Declare the value for variable x and y. Use the operator “is” to check if the value of x is the same as y. Next, we use the operator “is not” to check if the value of x is not the same as y.
Example 2:
a1 = 10 b1 = 10 a2 = ‘PythonProgramming’ b2 = ‘Programming’ a3 = [1,2,6] b3 = [1,2,3] print(a1 is not b1) print(a2 is b2) print(a3 is b3)
Output:
True False False
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Membership Operators:
These operators evaluate membership in lists, sequences, or tuples in one sequence. In Python, there are two membership operators. (in, not in). It displays the result in the given sequence or string centered on the present variable.
Membership Operators as a whole comprise a number of different operators.
in Operator: It tests whether or not the value is present in the data sequence. It analyses the true value if the component is in the series and the false value if the component is not present.
Example 1:
list1 = ['Aman', 'Bhuvan', 'Ashok', 'Vijay', 'Anil'] if 'Aman' in list1: print('Name Aman exists in list1')
Output:
Name Aman exists in list1
Example 2:
list1=[1,2,4,5] list2=[6,7,9] for item in list1: if item in list2: print("overlapping") else: print("not overlapping")
Output:
not overlapping
Example 3:
new_list = [1,2,3,'a'] # loop around the list for i in new_list: print(i)
Output:
1 2 3 a
The in operator allows the variable I to refer to every element in the list iterated by the for loop. You have to think that the operator is used to check whether or not an element is present in a sequence, but what exactly happens? Well, when used in various ways, in a loop and in a conditional statement like if statement, the operator behaves differently.
Let us remove the in operator in the example and modify it.
Example:
def overlapping(list1,list2): c=0 d=0 for i in list1: c+=1 for i in list2: d+=1 for i in range(0,c): for j in range(0,d): if(list1[i]==list2[j]): return1 return 0 list1=[1,2,3,4,5] list2=[6,7,8,9] if(overlapping(list1,list2)): print("overlapping") else:
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