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15 Essential Java Full Stack Developer Skills in 2024
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19th Dec, 2023
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Java, as the language of digital technology, is one of the most popular and robust of all software programming languages. It is ideal for cross-platform applications because it is a compiled language with object code that can work across more than one machine or processor. All programming is done using coding languages. Java, like Python or JavaScript, is a coding language that is highly in demand. Also, Java back end developer skills are wanted nowadays by the top companies. It is seeing its utility and application grow as businesses envisage growth in the market and operations within.
Java has become the go-to language for mobile development, backend development, cloud-based solutions, and other trending technologies like IoT and Big Data. Its ability to simplify scalable solutions design, at the same time offering high-level concurrency tools, gives it an edge over other programming languages. Because of the simplicity of its syntax, its commands do not require complicated processes to write, run, decode or debug, unlike C and C++. Other aspects, for example, storage operator overloading classes, etc., are easily comprehensible as compared to other computer languages. All-in-all, because of these features and its compatibility with other languages, it is the most used language for Android apps today and is expected to grow exponentially in the years to come.
Who is a Java Full Stack Developer?
A full stack web developer is a person having the skillset to develop both client and server software. Meaning, that Java full stack developer skills include handling the client side and server side of the software application. This type of developer works with the Full stack of a software application, beginning with Front end development and going through back-end development, Database, Server, API, and version controlling systems. So, a person having Java skills would be fully equipped to handle a development project by straddling all sections of the project without seeking external intervention. His complete command of the framework and tools of Java Full stack like Core Java, servlets, APIs, database, web architecture, and the rest are highly instrumental in reducing the cost of the project and shrinking timelines as a full stack developer switches between front and back end development, seamlessly.
Thus, a Java Full stack developer is the designation used for a web developer who uses Java, a coding language, to develop the entire technology of an application. For this, he has to be aware and knowledgeable of the language and its processes, inside out, back to front. More in-depth and practical knowledge can be tapped from Full Stack Bootcamp online. It is most convenient due to its flexibility and ready availability.
Top 15 Skills to Become a Full-stack Java Developer
A Java developer is responsible for designing, developing, and maintaining Java-based programs. His skill set would include writing a well-structured and developed code that would withstand rigorous testing and analysis. So, the Java developer’s key skills are:
1. JavaScript
Knowledge of JavaScript, a programming language, is essential for a developer to implement features in a web page that are more than just text. These are primarily web-based applications. These could be displaying timely content updates, interactive maps, animated 2D/3D graphics, scrolling video jukeboxes, and so on. JavaScript boasts several different frameworks that are employed to develop web and mobile apps. A Java developer skill set would include being conversant with frameworks like React Native, Ionic, and Angular. It is these frameworks that work as tools to simplify and expedite development related to what JavaScript is being used for within each framework. Facebook is a global example that uses language to power and build an online, virtual community. React and React Native are JavaScript frameworks that have been built by Facebook.
The virtual reality industry, meaning developing games for web browsers, also uses JavaScript. For example, GitHub. For server-side applications, its runtime environment, Node.js, is used to load content without browser capacity being a constraint. For front-end development, the language is aggressively used to deliver interactive user experience (UX). An example of this is the drop-down arrow to reach the bottom of the screen page just by dragging it.
2. HTML/CSS
A Java front-end developer skills equip him to create websites and applications with the help of web languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. These languages aid users in accessing the site or app that has been developed. It is the front-end developer who will present the ultimate face of the site or app. He will, with his knowledge of HTML/CSS, decide where the images are best suited or how the navigation ought to come across. The front end is all about the appearance and layout of a site, including ease of use for the user.
Hyper Text Markup Language or HTML as it is popularly known. It is used to display documents in a web browser. It is the first building block to be laid when designing a website. It is the code that works out the structure and content of the web page. For example, structuring the content could be a set of paragraphs, bulleted points, and data tables or images. The language has certain elements which wrap the content and present it the way it is intended to appear to the user. But they cannot be used as standalone. These individual elements are used in combination to make up an entire HTML page. Its other uses include internet navigation. Herein the users can embed and insert hyperlinks or link interrelated pages and websites with the help of HTML. Full stack developer skills in Java also include web documentation, which is another one of its uses for organizing and formatting documents, very much akin to Microsoft Word.
CSS or Cascading Style Sheets: It is independent of HTML but describes how HTML elements work to make the presentation of Web pages. This includes colors, layout, and fonts that would be used to make a page. It also allows liberty to the developer to make it compatible and adaptable to different types of devices or different-sized screens, be it large screens, small screens, or printers. CSS is to be used with XML-based markup language.
3. Git and GitHub
When a developer dedicates himself to learning Java full stack skills, he has to have Java backend development skills as well. It is in the ambit of the latter that he will learn that Git and GitHub are two different entities. Both occupy an important place in Java full stack developer skills list, and both, if not mastered, can cause problems in the course of the development process when resorting to copy-pasting will not help. Git is an open source version control system that a developer/ development companies use to manage projects. Projects go through various stages of development where the project teams work and rework software codes till they are able to produce glitch-free software.
Version Control Systems are needed to keep track of and manage changes that are being made in the source code. Git is the tool that assists the project teams in recovering code from a crashed production server when Ctrl+Z does not restore the previous working code. This is just one of the works that Git can do. Among other things, it can track changes made to a file or a whole set of files so that different versions can be referred to whenever required. Selected files can be restored to the previous state and changes made to the project can be monitored, and problems identified. It allows the addition of metadata to the changes, which facilitates team members in pinpointing the changes introduced in the code, why it was made, and when and who made it. This simplifies the code review process, saving a lot of time in locating errors. So, handling, managing, and updating a large codebase becomes very easy with the help of Git, a version control system.
There can be no comparison between Git and GitHub as far as their function is concerned. While Git is a tool that manages many versions of edits made to source code which are then saved to a Git library/repository, GitHub is a location where copies of the Git repository are uploaded. The purpose of both these tools is as different as chalk and cheese. GitHub works as a collaboration and version control platform used for storing and managing code. With this, large teams can work on projects from different places and come together to take the project through milestones. It is a hosting service that has cloud-based storage. Since GitHub repositories are freely accessible to the public, developers globally can interact and work on each other’s codes and modify or use them for their purpose. This also makes it a networking site, giving rise to the concept of social coding.
4. Backend Languages
The backend of a software development program would be the server side of the website. It is that part of the website which cannot be seen by the client or the users. This part is accessed by the users through the front-end application. The backend, therefore, is the place where storage and arrangement of data are, and its work is to ensure the smooth working of the client side of the website. Java backend developer skills would include command over activities like APIs, creating libraries, and working with system components that do not have user interfaces. The backend of a website is built with the help of certain languages - these are:
- PHP: It is a scripting language that is used to service the server side of web development. Since the PHP code is carried out on the server side, the language is called a server-side scripting language.
- C++: It is a programming language now used for competitive programming. Its versatility allows it to be used as a backend language.
- Java: It is a highly scalable language and is the most popular and widely used of all the programming languages and platforms.
- Python: It is a very important language for the backend because it allows a developer to work quickly and integrate systems with minimum glitches.
And then, there are frameworks like Node.js, Express, Django, Ruby on Rails, Laravel, and Spring. Knowledge of these languages and platforms is imperative if a Java Full Stack Developer technical skills are required for building mobile apps, websites, etc.
5. Databases and Web Storage
Full stack developer skills in Java would have to include good learning of databases and Web Storage. A database is a collection of data that is organized and then stored digitally/electronically in a computer system. How data is stored largely depends on the ways it is intended to be used. A database is controlled and managed by a database management system (DBMS). The two combined, along with all the applications that are associated with this, form a database system and are conveniently referred to as a database. The data within a database is organized in rows, columns, or a series of tables that make it easy to access, manage, modify, update, control, and organize.
Web Storage, on the other hand, is DOM (document object model storage) which is a standard JavaScript API provided by web browsers. A web storage feature means having web applications that allow data storage within the browser on the client side. It does not send data to the server side, and this data will not expire depending on the time or session. Because it is stored locally, the data remains even if the page or browser is closed or reopened.
6. Spring Frameworks
This framework provides myriad ways in which a developer can manage business objects. It also makes the development of web applications easier as compared to what classic Java frameworks used to do. The Spring framework is a combination of various new techniques like Aspect-Oriented Programming, Plain Old Java Object, and dependency injection to develop enterprise applications. Its lightweight nature makes it the preferred framework of Java EE7 developers for building simple and scalable enterprise applications.
7. DevOps tools ( Jenkins, Docker, and Kubernetes)
DevOps tools and techniques help to simplify the building processes within a project. It increases the productivity of project teams manifold. These are tools that help streamline and automate manual tasks, help project teams manage complex environments of a large-scale project, and facilitate developers to keep a firm check on the high velocity brought about by the usage of DevOps tools. The software development and delivery process are greatly expedited by the use of these tools.
- Jenkins: When a project requires continuous and constant integrations, then Jenkins is the tool to be used. It makes it easier for DevOps engineers to create, test, and integrate the resultant changes to the project without a lot of difficulties. This is a Java-based, open-source automation platform that has plug-ins to help in seamless integrations of changes within a project.
- Docker: It is a software platform allowing applications to be built, tested, and deployed without loss of time. Docker has standardized units of packaged software (containerized) that have libraries, system tools, code, and runtime to make software go live.
- Kubernetes: It is an open-source system, also referred to as K8s, used to automate deployment, scaling, and managing applications that come in a container, complete with whatever is needed to run the application.
8. Web Architecture
This is also a part of the prescribed skills for a Java full stack developer. It is an adjective for the process used to create, design, and implement a cloud-based computer program. These programs could often be websites that have route maps for users/developers to design or develop programs for businesses or companies. Web architecture will use and include every component of an application that is needed by web developers to create applications aimed at enhancing user experience.
The most commonly used components would be Design, IT Infrastructure, User experience, Software, Monetization, Efficiency, Reliability, Scalability, and Security. It is the web architecture that decides the quality of the product produced because it forms the foundation for individual elements of an application or a software program. The character and nature of web architecture would also go a long way in ensuring flexibility in the adaptation of changes while the project is in progress.
9. HTTP and REST
- HTTP: When understanding, What is Java full stack developer skills, knowledge of HTTP cannot be avoided. HTTP is an acronym for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. It forms the base of WWW or the World Wide Web. It is this networking or communication protocol that helps transfer information from one device to the other networked device. A typical scenario would be a client machine requesting the server to send the required information and the server doing the needful. This back-and-forth communication between the machine and server is possible because of the HTTP via the cloud. It is a model based on client-server, request-response parameters.
- REST: It spells Representational State Transfer. It is a way to access documents that are stored in a particular environment. These could be pictures or videos also. They are resources that can be requested by the client through the REST API; the server responds by sending these resources in their present state in a standardized format. REST refers to the attributes of an architectural style that make it apt for large interconnected systems like the Internet.
So, it is that HTTP has many features of REST, but it is different from the latter.
10. Software Design and Architecture
The design of the software is about considerations of user inputs, external interface stimuli, or interactions with elements of the computing environment. Software design will take into its ambit the response to commands and requests of the client. It is a process by which user requirements are given a form to guide the developer/programmer in coding and implementation.
Architecture would describe various components, their relationship, and how they react and interact with one another. The factors that go into making up the architecture of software are Business strategy, human dynamics, and IT environment. So, it can be easily said that architecture is the blueprint of a system. It gives solutions to managing the system complexity and establishing and managing an interactive and collaborative among the components. Amongst the most common patterns used for software architecture are, Layered patterns, Client-Server patterns, Event-driven patterns, Microkernel patterns, and Microservices patterns.
11. JVM internals
The Java ecosystems have a linchpin that is Java Virtual Machine or JVM. All the java programs are written on one machine but have the capability to run on any other. This is possible because of JVM. It was originally designed to be for Java, but gradually other languages like Scala, Kotlin, and Groovy were brought onto Java platforms. They are together known as Java languages. Decoding the concept of the virtual machine, it is found that a single physical machine could play host to a number of virtual machines (a physical computer is represented virtually), with every VM having its own operating system and applications and being independent of each other.
Using compiled languages like C and C++ and interpreted languages like JavaScript and Python, the java code is compiled into byte code to make a class file. The class file is interpreted by the JVM for the supporting platform. This class file has the capability to be executed on any version of JVM supported and powered by any platform or operating system. An isolated niche, akin to virtual machines, is created by the JVM on the host machine. This space can be used to carry out Java programs regardless of the platform or operating system of the host machine.
12. React or Angular
Software development has two aspects to it - a front end and a back end. Both ends have languages, frameworks, and platforms that are used to make the client side or the server side. Therefore Java full stack developer skills required cannot ignore an in-depth and good working knowledge of frameworks that are needed to develop the front or the client side. React, and Angular are two popular web frameworks. Angular, with its Ionic framework, offers itself for mobile applications, interfaces, and interactive applications like social media, healthcare, e-commerce, and online banking that affect our day-to-day lives. It is an open-source JavaScript framework that is written in TypeScript and maintained by Google.
Another popular front-end development framework is React. It is a comparatively new technology and is a JavaScript-based open-source UI library more than a framework. It requires considerably less coding and has more functionalities to offer; therefore, it is much easier to create dynamic web applications with React. It has the advantages of using a virtual DOM and reusable components that cut down the application’s development time.
13. Kotlin
Kotlin is used for creating mobile applications (especially Android apps), web development, server-side applications, data science, and more. Its popularity is primarily because of its complete compatibility with Java and its ability to work on different platforms like Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc. Android apps that use Kotlin have a 20% less chance of crashing ( ref: developer.android.com). It is a modern language requiring less coding. It allows the developer to build and create UI with intuitive APIs in considerably less time. Kotlin coroutines facilitate and smoothen asynchronous programming, ultimately making network calling and database updates very simple. So a Java full stack developer skill set would definitely include Kotlin. Its design makes it a cross-platform, statically typed, high-level programming language that can interoperate completely with Java. This makes it a much-preferred language by the developers.
14. Design Patterns
In a software design, problems occur that can be resolved by typical solutions. These are Design Patterns. Each pattern works as a blueprint that can be customized to sort out a particular design problem in the code. It is not an off-the-shelf solution that can be simply pasted into the code where the problem is occurring. It is conceptual and guides the developer on how to solve a particular problem. The details of the pattern given can handhold the developer and nudge him towards solutions that will work for the code that he is writing. In the section on pattern description, we find sections that further simplify using them. These would be Intent, Motivation, Structure, and Code examples.
15. Java Server Pages
It works at the backend since it is a server-side technology. Java server pages are used for creating web applications and dynamic web content. For this, JSP tags are employed to insert Java code into HTML pages. It is a web-based technology that is used for creating dynamic and independent web pages. Its features include portability, flexibility, and easy maintenance, as these are independent of the browser and server. Because of this feature, there is no need for recompilation. It also reduces the length of a code because tags like action or custom tags are used, which is why a developer would require less time to build an application.
Top Cities where Knowledgehut Conduct Full Stack Developer Bootcamp Course
Roadmap to Become a Java Full Stack Developer
A full stack development professional would be required to have a complete and thorough knowledge of important elements of development along with that the latest technology. When the question arises as to “What skills are required for a java full stack developer” it would mean being conversant with all aspects of development:
- Front end
- Back end
- Database management
- Version control
- Operating systems
- System design
A Java full-stack developer with technical skills would be needed to design back-end architecture using multiple technologies; they must build front end technologies to create user interfaces along with building applications that are as per the preferences of the client and the user. Are you new to the field of web development and looking for a fruitful career? Consider a pay after placement Full-stack Developer option! You'll have the opportunity to work across all spectrums of software and app development, while also saving time and resources for the company you work for.
Front End Development
It is also known as client-end development. These Java front end developer skills are the fundamentals you need to start your journey as a Java developer.
- Basic Web Development Tools: HTML, CSS, TypeScript, JavaScript.
- Integrated Development Environments (IDE): Visual Studio Code IDE, Sublime Text 3.
- Front End Frameworks: Angular, VueJS, React.
- User Interface (UI) Libraries: Material UI, Bootstrap CSS
Back End Development
It is also known as server-end development. These Java back-end developer skills are the basics that you need to start your journey as a Java developer. You need to be skillful in core Java skills with Java 8 features also referred to as Java Functional Programming.
- Java Build Tools: Maven, Gradle
- Integrated Development Environments (IDE): Intellij IDEA, Spring Tool Suite
- No SQL Databases: MongoDB, Apache Cassandra, RavenDB, Redis
- Relational Databases: MySQL, MS-SQL Server, Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL
- Cloud Databases: DynamoDB, Cosmos DB
- Build DAO/Repository Layers: Spring Data JPA, JPA/Hibernate
- Build REST APIs: RestEasy framework, Jersey REST framework, Sprint Boot
- Secure REST APIs Using Spring Security: JWT, Authentication, Role-based authorization
How Much Does a Java Full Stack Developer Make?
A Certificate in Web Development means a fruitful career as a Full stack developer in Java. This is an opportunity for one developer to work across all spectrums of software/app development, thus saving time and resources for the company he is working for. A Java full stack developer skills resume will be reeling off a complete list of the most relevant skills only then can he be a valued asset who can command a salary of INR 2.4 to 14.3 with an average annual salary of INR 5.5 lakhs in India, depending upon his skills and experience. The average salary for a Full Stack Developer is $119828 per year in the United States. This varies based on years of experience and location.
Conclusion
Software and technology are going through rapid advancements that could change the way businesses of the future would shape up. Demand for professionals with full stack development skills in Java will go northwards. This means that Java full stack development skills would show very well on a developer’s resume. KnowledgeHut’s Full Stack Bootcamp online can show the way to shaping a career choice of developing skills for Java full stack development.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How can I get a full stack in Java?
To become a Java full stack developer, you need to be proficient in Java developer key skills on both the front end and back end.
2. What Java skills are in demand?
Some of the Java developer skills required are JavaScript, HTML / CSS, Git & GitHub, Databases & Web Storage, DevOps Tools (such as Jenkins, Docker, and Kubernetes), Web Architecture, Unit Testing skills, APIs & Libraries, JVM Internals, IDE (such as Eclipse or IntelliJIDEA), front end framework (such as Angular or React), etc.
3. What should a Java developer know?
A Java developer should know about core Java skills and the Java ecosystem. He should also be proficient in either the front end or back-end stack or Java programming.
4. What is the difference between Java and Java full stack?
Java generally refers to just one of the developments, either the front-end or back-end development, while Java full stack refers to both front-end and back-end development.
5. Which is better Java or full-stack developer?
Java full stack developers are better than Java developers since they are proficient in more skills and tools compared to Java developers. The annual average base salary of a Java full stack developer is also higher than Java developer.
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