UI Design Interview Questions and Answers for 2025

An Activitycreator is considered an early step toward the Android project creation. It contains the shell script used by developers to create a new file system for writing codes within the Android system. But now It is replaced with "Create New Project" in Android SDK.

In Android, an Android Runtime (ART) is an application used by the Android operating system as a runtime environment. But today, this has successfully replaced Dalvik, a discontinued Virtual Machine (VM). ART translates the application's bytecode into native codes quickly processed by the device’s runtime environment.

When we create an app and generate its APK, part of that APK is .dex files containing the app's source code, including all libraries used in low-level code designed for a software interpreter — the bytecode. When a user runs the app, the bytecode written in .dex files is converted to machine code by Android Runtime, a set directly understood by the machine and processed by the CPU.

Android Runtime is also responsible for managing memory and garbage collection.

When the UI thread of an Android app is blocked for a long time. It will trigger an "Application Not Responding" (ANR) error. If the app is in the foreground, the system will display a dialog to the user, as shown below. From this ANR dialog, the user can forcefully quit the app.

The app's main thread, responsible for updating the UI, can't process user input events or draw. 

There could be many reasons for this error to occur, such as. 

• Input dispatching timed out: If the app has not responded to a specific input event within 5 seconds. 
• Executing service: If a service started by the app cannot finish executing Service.onCreate() andService.onStartCommand()/Service.onBind() within a few seconds. 
• Service.startForeground() not called: If the app uses Context.startForegroundService() to start a new service in the foreground but does not call startForeground() within 5 seconds. 
• Broadcast of intent: If a BroadcastReceiver is not finished executing within a set time. 

A staple in UI Designer interview questions for experienced, be prepared to answer this one using your hands-on experience.

We must look for the following patterns while diagnosing the ANR (Application not responding) issue. 

• The app is performing operations slowly that are involved in I/O on the main thread. 
• The app takes a long time to calculate the main thread. 
• The main thread is making a synchronous binder call to another process, and another process is taking time to return. 
• The main thread is blocked waiting for a synchronized block on another thread. 
• The main thread is deadlocked with another thread.

Different types of dialog boxes supported by Android are- 

• AlertDialog: supports 0-3 buttons that allow us to select items, such as radio buttons and checkboxes. 
• DatePickerDialog: allow us to select a date. 
• TimePickerDIalog: allows the users to select the time. 
• ProgressDialog: display a progress bar and is an extension of the AlertDialog. 

Android-based devices offer a wide range of built-in sensors, which measure specific parameters, such as motion, orientation, and more. These sensors help monitor the device's positioning and movement accurately. The three categories of sensors in Android devices are- 

• Position Sensor: measures the physical position of the Android device, that includes orientation sensors and magnetometers 
• Motion Sensors: include gravity, rotational activity, and acceleration sensors for measuring the rotation of the device or the acceleration. 
• Environmental Sensor: measures factors such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and other environmental factors. 

Emulators are interfaces that perform tasks comparable to that of real Android devices for affordable testing. But we cannot perform testing of each aspect of an app. Some of the testing is done after the app development, such as. 

• Messaging 
• Bluetooth 
• Mounting and unmounting the memory card 
• Validation of battery scenarios 
• Memory related issues 
• Validation of the performance 

The context in Android refers to the current state of your application or object. The context comes with services such as accessing databases and preferences, resolving resources, and much more.

Android has two types of context:

• Activity Context: is attached to the lifecycle of an activity. It is used when we pass the context in the scope of activity or if we need the context whose lifecycle is attached to the current context.
• Application Context: is attached to the lifecycle of an application. We can use the application context where we need a context whose lifecycle is separate from the current context.

We can simply use the Android Device Manager (ADM) to find memory leaks in Android applications. When we open ADM in Android Studio, we can see some parameters, such as heap size and memory analysis, along with many others while you run an application.

The Memory Profiler is a component in the Android Profiler that helps you identify memory leaks and memory churn that can lead to stutter, freezes, and even app crashes. It shows a realtime graph of your app's memory use and lets you capture a heap dump, force garbage collections, and track memory allocations.

Source

A staple in UI Designer interview questions for experienced, be prepared to answer this one using your hands-on experience.

We can run the following diagnosis to fix the application crash. 

• Free Memory: due to limited space available on mobile devices, we can free up memory space for an application to function correctly. 
• Compatibility Check: It might not be a hardware problem but a software issue. It is challenging to test an application for all devices and Operating Systems, so check the compatibility on the application’s Google Play Store page. 
• Memory Management: Some applications run perfectly on one mobile device but do not function on others. This is where we must consider other factors, such as processing power, memory management, and CPU speed come into play. Look at the application memory requirements if the application crashes constantly. 
• App Data Usage: we can delete the application’s data to clear cache memory which will boost the app’s performance 
• Exception and error handling- simple issues like loss of internet connection or false value inputs cause the app to crash or act out leaving you with no other solution than rebooting your system and start from the beginning. It is better that you send notification to fix the error. 
• Network issues- when developers use strong infrastructure to create the app, it will raise the app requirements to above standard. Some apps are built to use large amounts of bandwidth, which users can’t afford. For users, the best solution to avoid crashes or dysfunctional app is to keep the bandwidth free. 

DDMS stands for the Dalvik Debug Monitor Server (DDMS), a debugging tool in Android Studio. It offers a wide range of debugging features, such as: 

• Port forwarding 
• Location data spoofing 
• Screen capture 
• Logcat 
• Radio state information 
• Thread and Heap information 

The DDMS tool is now deprecated, and Android suggests that users use Android Profiler instead. 

Below is the significant difference between them. 

• Explicit Intent: is where we inform the system about which activity component it should use for generating a response to this intent. 
• Implicit Intent: allows us to declare the action we want to perform, after which the Android system will check which components are available to handle that specific action. 

The AndroidManifest.xml file includes the required information about the application, which will be provided to the Android system. This data may include the package name, components such as activity, services, content providers, and more. This file executes the following tasks: 

• Giving a unique name to the Java package 
• Describing components of the application, such as activity, services, and more. It also defines the classes which will implement these components. 
• Declare the Android API which will be used by the application 
• Stores the library file details linked to the application 

Below is the structure of the AndroidManifest.xml file- 

<manifest ... > 
    <application ... > 
        <activity android:name="com.example.myapp.MainActivity" ... > 
        </activity> 
    </application> 
</manifest> 

By this question, the interviewer means- are you a team player?

Any interviewer would like to understand your nature of working and how you deal with the team’s opinion. Are you able to collaborate with the team members to solve the issue? Do you trust your team mate and trust their opinions?

UX design is a highly collaborative process. So do not miss the opportunity to talk about successful collaboration in the past. This could be a group project or a team effort in a previous job. No matter the example you choose, remember to highlight the role you played in the group, how you helped the team in overcoming any challenges, what you learned from your teammates, and others.

UX designers have to collaborate with different teams within an organization, specially engineers, product managers, fellow designers, marketing teams, and more. For some, this is a perk, for others, a challenge.

During an interview, a hiring manager will want to understand if you can collaborate with others and if you’re a team player.

Expect to come across these important UI designer interview questions for freshers question in your next interviews. This is another question that will help you showcase your collaborative skills. Give a recent example of last job’s project you worked on that can help illustrate your skills.

The goal is to show that you’re OK signing off on a project and trusting that it’s safe in the developer’s hands.

Android Jetpack is a suite of libraries, tools, and guidance to help developers write high-quality apps easier. It follows modern design practices, allowing developers to focus on code that differentiates their apps. Key components include: 

1. Foundation: Core system capabilities like AppCompat, Android KTX. 
2. Architecture: Libraries for designing robust, testable, and maintainable apps, like LiveData, ViewModel, and Room. 
3. Behavior: Help with UI elements like Notifications, Permissions, and Sharing. 
4. UI: Widgets and helpers to build a responsive user interface, including Navigation, Fragment, and Layouts. 

For example, using ViewModel and LiveData from Jetpack helps in managing UI-related data lifecycle-aware, ensuring data survives configuration changes like screen rotations. 

Gradle is a build automation tool used in Android development to manage project build processes. It simplifies tasks like compiling code, packaging apps, and managing dependencies.

To manage dependencies:

1. Define Dependencies: In the build.gradle file, specify libraries under dependencies block.
   
   dependencies {

implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'

implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.6'

}

2. Sync Project: Gradle fetches and integrates these libraries into the project.

For example, adding implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.2.0' in the build.gradle file allows the use of RecyclerView in your app.

Below is the difference-

• Relative moves an element with respect to its current position.
• Absolute moves an element with respect to its current position or the parent element’s position. Absolute elements don’t occupy space in DOM flow.
• Static is the default position.
• Fixed provides an element a fixed position relative to the device screen. None of these elements move during scrolling.

A staple in UI Designer interview questions for experienced, be prepared to answer this one using your hands-on experience.

Hoisting is a mechanism when assigned variables and function declarations get moved or “hoisted” to the top of their scope even before the code is executed. It means, it does not matter where we declare the functions and variables, they get moved to the top of their range irrespective of their scope is local or global. 

For example- 

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<body> 
<p id="demo"></p> 
<script> 
x = 5; // Assign 5 to x 
elem = document.getElementById("demo"); // Find an element 
elem.innerHTML = x;           // Display x in the element 
var x; // Declare x 
</script> 
</body> 
</html> 

Although both languages help in creating innovative web pages, HTML is a hypertext markup language, whereas XHTML is an extensible hypertext markup language. XHTML is XML based, while HTML is SGML based. XHTML is strict compared to HTML and doesn’t allow users to get away with any coding or structure lapses.

Below is the difference. 

• Local storage is referred to as data storage with no expiration date and offers the maximum storage limit. 
• Session storage holds the information associated with a session. Whenever the user closes the tab or browser, the data will also disappear. 
• Cookies are reserved mostly for server-side reading, storing data that is sent back to the server. The data size must be less than 4KB. 

Since it’s a front-end language, there is no need for a compiler for it. However, languages such as C, C++, and Java require a compiler to convert the code into a language that a machine can comprehend.

• Alert 
• Affix 
• Button 
• Carousel 
• Collapse, and more. 

The command includes () raises a warning if the code execution fails while requiring () raises a fatal error.

Semantic HTML uses tags that clearly describe their meaning in a web page, providing structure rather than just formatting. Instead of tags like <b> or <i>, which focus on appearance, semantic tags convey the role and content of the elements. 

Common semantic elements include: 

• <article>: Represents a self-contained piece of content. 
• <aside>: Contains content indirectly related to the main content. 
• <details>: Creates a disclosure widget for additional information. 
• <figcaption>: Provides a caption for a <figure> element. 
• <figure>: Encapsulates media content like images or diagrams. 
• <footer>: Defines the footer for a section or document. 
• <header>: Defines the header for a section or document. 
• <main>: Specifies the main content of a document. 
• <mark>: Highlights text for reference or relevance. 
• <nav>: Contains navigation links. 
• <section>: Defines a section within a document. 
• <summary>: Provides a summary for the <details> element. 
• <time>: Represents a specific time or date. 

HTML tags define how a web browser displays and formats content. They consist of opening and closing tags, with some exceptions like <hr> for horizontal rules and <br> for line breaks. 

HTML tags help create structured documents and render their properties, with each tag offering different functionalities. Web browsers use these tags to distinguish between HTML and simple content. 

Example Syntax: 

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<head> 
  <title>Page Title</title> 
</head> 
<body> 
  <h1>My First Heading</h1> 
  <p>My first paragraph.</p> 
</body> 
</html> 

This structure ensures proper formatting and display of content in web browsers. 

Reduced Code: Apply one CSS rule to multiple HTML elements, resulting in faster page loading. 

Consistent Styling: Maintain uniform formatting across multiple pages with a single stylesheet. 

Improved User Experience: Enhance interactivity and user-friendly formatting. 

Efficient Development: Quickly replicate styles across several pages, speeding up development. 

Easy Updates: Modify the format of multiple pages by editing one CSS file, eliminating the need to update each page individually. 

The order of the events that happen on an element is known as event propagation. 

As soon as an event is triggered, the element bubbles up the DOM tree. This means that the child node will be called first and then the parent node. This is called event bubbling. 

While the event capturing is the opposite of event bubbling. Here, first, the parent node is called, and then the child node.

We can create an object in JavaScript: 

var example_object = 
{ 
    name: “objA”, 
    age: 20 
    height: 100 
}; 

HTML layout means how can we arrange the HTML page, there are several elements to define the various parts of a web page. 

• <header>: This defines the header for a section or document 
• <nav>: This defines a container for navigation links 
• <section>: This defines a section in a document 
• <article>: This defines a self-contained, independent article 
• <aside>: This defines stuff that is aside from the content, for example, a sidebar 
• <footer>: This defines the footer of a document 

Below is the difference between all- 

• Tags are used when we want to link to an image. We must specify the image in quotes using the source attribute, src in the opening tag <>. 
• An anchor tag is used when we want to link to a website, and <href> attribute is used to specify the website link. 
• The anchor tag has the text to be hyperlinked, and if you are linking to an email address, the <href> specification will be “mailto:[email protected]”. 

Below are some important things to consider- 

• We must use the Unicode encoding to set the default language. 
• We must use the “lang” attribute. 
• Check the standard font sizes and text direction. 
• The particular language word length should be taken into account, as it may affect the layout. 

We have some services and have the same for URL shortening like bit.ly or TinyURL. These are very popular to generate shorter aliases for long URLs. we have to create a web service where if a user provides a long URL then the service will return a short URL and if the user gives a short URL then it returns the original long URL. 

For example, shortening the given URL through TinyURL: 

https://www.xyz.org/get-your-dream-job-with-amazon-sde-test-series/?ref=leftbar-rightbar 

We get the result given below:

https://tinyurl.com/y7vg2xjl 

To convert a long URL into a unique short URL we can use some hashing techniques like Base62 or MD5.  

Base62 Encoding: Base62 encoder allows us to use the combination of characters and numbers which contains A-Z, a-z, 0–9 total ( 26 + 26 + 10 = 62). So, for 7 characters short URL, we can serve 62^7 ~= 3500 billion URLs which is quite enough in comparison to base10 (base10 only contains numbers 0-9 so you will get only 10M combinations). If we use base62 making the assumption that the service is generating 1000 tiny URLs/sec then it will take 110 years to exhaust these 3500 billion combinations. We can generate a random number for the given long URL and convert it to base62 and use the hash as a short URL id. 

For example- 

def to_base_62(deci): 
    s = '012345689abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' 
    hash_str = '' 
    while deci > 0: 
       hash_str= s[deci % 62] + hash_str 
       deci /= 62 
    return hash_str 
print to_base_62(999) 

MD5 Encoding: MD5 also gives base62 output but the MD5 hash gives a lengthy output which is more than 7 characters. MD5 hash generates 128-bit long output so out of 128 bits we will take 43 bits to generate a tiny URL of 7 characters. MD5 can create a lot of collisions. For two or many different long URL inputs we may get the same unique id for a short URL and that could cause data corruption. So, we need to perform some checks to ensure that this unique id doesn’t exist in the database already. 

jQuery: A fast, small, and feature-rich JavaScript library. 

Purpose: Simplifies tasks like HTML document traversal, event handling, animation, and Ajax interactions. 

Key Features: 

• DOM Manipulation: Easy selection and manipulation of HTML elements. 
• Event Handling: Simplifies the process of managing events across different browsers. 
• AJAX Support: Facilitates asynchronous web applications, allowing for partial page updates. 
• Animations: Simplified methods to create animations and effects. 
• Cross-Browser Compatibility: Handles differences between browsers, ensuring consistent behavior. 
• Plugins: Extensible with a wide range of plugins available for various functionalities. 

Example: 

$(document).ready(function(){ 
  $("button").click(function(){ 
    $("p").hide(); 
  }); 
}); 

The above example hides all paragraphs when clicking a button, demonstrating jQuery’s simplicity in handling events and manipulating the DOM. 

This is a tricky question because the answer depends on the context. We recommend using a real-life example to illustrate how you can validate or reject a hypothesis. Explain the interviewer your process. Make sure to clearly address the business goals and user needs and walk the interviewer through the following: 

• Who is the target audience? 
• What are the target audience’s goals? 
• What problems does those features to be included will solve for the target audience?

As you know, UX design differs from other fields of design as it is completely user-centric. You can tell the interviewer that you “always have your customer hat on,” that means, you review the product from users' perspective. But it would be impactful if you show how, you do it. It would be great if you create personas and learn their needs, and even quirks of the personas. Or maybe you do this through research.

By this question, the interviewer means- Have you done your research?

It’s always a good idea to go through the company you’re applying to. It will help you showcase your interest in this company and this role as opposed to any other UX designer job.

Invest your time to explore and know more about the company’s products. Browse their website. Use their app if they have one. Also make a list of what will work and what you can do to improve the existing design.

Explain your thoughts with some solid examples and come up with a sample plan of action. Make sure you mention the company’s target users and the type of research you might conduct when enhancing an existing design.