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How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

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05th Sep, 2023
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    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    Docker is a platform that packages the application and all its dependencies in the container so that the application works seamlessly. The Container makes the application run its resource in an isolated process similar to the virtual machines, but it is more portable. 

    For a detailed introduction to the different components of a Docker container, you can check out Introduction to Docker, Docker Containers & Docker Hub. Also, don't forget to read about how to Install Jenkins on Ubuntu.

    This tutorial covers the installation and use of Docker Community Edition (CE) on an Ubuntu 20.04 machine. 

    Pre-requisites

    Audience

    This tutorial is meant for those who are interested in learning Docker as a container service 

    System Requirements 

    1. Ubuntu 20.04 64-bit operating system. (If Linux OS is not in system, we can run docker using Virtual Box, PFB the steps) 
    2. A user account with sudoprivileges 
    3. An account on Docker Hub to pull or push an image from Hub. 

    Ubuntu Installation on Oracle Virtual Box 

    If you want to use Ubuntu 20.04 without making any change to the Windows Operating system, you can proceed with the Oracle Virtual box.  

    Virtual Box is free and open-source virtualization software from Oracle. It enables you to install other operating systems in virtual machines. It is recommended that the system should have at least 4GB of RAM to get decent performances from the virtual operating system. 

    Below are the steps for downloading Ubuntu 20.04 on Oracle Virtual box:

    Navigate to the website of Oracle Virtual Box, download the .exe file and get the latest stable version. 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    1. Once done with downloading the virtual box, we can navigate toand download the  Ubuntu disk image (.iso file) by clicking on the download option 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    2. Once the download has been completed for Ubuntu .iso file, open the virtual box and click on "New" present on top.  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    3. Enter the details of your virtual machine by giving any name, type as "Linux " and Version as Ubuntu (64 bit)  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    4. Choose the memory (RAM ) that needs to be allocated to the Virtual machine  and click on Next. (I have chosen 3000 MB) 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    5. After the RAM allocation ,Click on  Create a virtual disk now. This serves as the hard disk of the virtual Linux system. It is where the virtual system will store its files 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    6. Now, we want to select the Virtual Hard Disk.  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    7. We can choose either the “Dynamically allocated” or the “Fixed size” option for creating the virtual hard disk. 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    8. Finallywe have  to specify our Ubuntu OS's size. The recommended size is 10 GB, but it  can be increased if required.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    8. Finallywe have  to specify our Ubuntu OS's size. The recommended size is 10 GB, but it  can be increased if required.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    9. Ubuntu OS is ready to install in Virtual Box, but before starting the Virtual system, we need to make few changes in settings. Click on storage under the setting.  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    10. Click on Empty under Controller IDE. Navigate to Attributes and browse the Optical Drive option. 

    11. Choose the .iso file from the location where it is downloaded. Once selected, click on OK and start the Virtual box by clicking on start present on the Top menu.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    12. Click ok and start the machine. 

    13. Proceed with "Install Ubuntu" 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    14. Under "Updates and other software" section, check "Normal installation", and the two options under “Other options” and continue.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    15. In Installation type, check Erase disk and install Ubuntu.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    16. Choose your current location and set up your profile. Click Continue.  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    17. It may take 10-15 minutes to complete the installation 

    18. Once the installation finishes, restart the virtual system

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    We are done with pre-requestand can now proceed with using this Ubuntu. 

    Docker Installation Process on Ubuntu  

    Method 1: Install Docker on Ubuntu Using Default Repositories 

    One of the easiest ways is the installation of Docker from the standard Ubuntu 20.04 repositories, but It’s possible that the Ubuntu default repositories have not updated to the latest revision of Docker. It happens because in some cases Docker is not supporting that particular Ubuntu version. Therefore, there can be scenario where  Ubuntu default repositories have not updated to the latest version. 

    • Log in to Virtual BoxRun “docker” as command to check if it is previously installed.

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • To install Docker on Ubuntu box, first update the packages. It will ask for a password. Enter it and allow the system to complete the updates.
    sudo apt update

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • To install Docker from Ubuntu default repositories, use the below command: 

    sudo apt install docker.io 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • To check the installed version, use the below: 

    docker --version 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu
    Since discussed above, it has installed the 19.03.8 version of docker whereas the latest version is 20.04  

    Method 2: Install Docker from Official Repository 

    For installing docker on ubuntu 20.04 with the latest version, we’ll proceed with enabling the Docker repository, importing the repository GPG key, and finally installing the package. 

    • To install the docker on Ubuntu box, update your existing list of packages. It will ask for a password. Enter it and allow the system to complete the updates. 

    sudo apt update  

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • Import the repository’s GPG key using the followingcurl command: 

    curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • Add the Docker APT repository to the system 

    sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • Again, update the package database with the Docker packages 

    sudo apt update 
    • Finally, install Docker using below command: 

    sudo apt install docker-ce 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • To check the installed version use below: 

    docker --version

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    • To start, enable and check the status of docker, use below command: 

    sudo systemctl  status docker 
    sudo systemctl  start  docker 
    sudo systemctl  enable  docker 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    To check system wide information regarding docker installation, we use the command “docker info”. Information that is shown includes the kernel version, number of containers and unique images. 

    The output will contain details as given below, depending upon the daemon running: 

    Source:

    docker info 
    Client: 
     Context:    default 
     Debug Mode: true 
    Server: 
     Containers: 14 
      Running: 3 
      Paused: 1 
      Stopped: 10 
     Images: 52 
     Server Version: 1.13.0 
     Storage Driver: overlay2 
      Backing Filesystem: extfs 
      Supports d_type: true 
      Native Overlay Diff: false 
     Logging Driver: json-file 
     Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs 
     Plugins: 
      Volume: local 
      Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay 
     Swarm: active 
      NodeID: rdjq45w1op418waxlairloqbm 
      Is Manager: true 
      ClusterID: te8kdyw33n36fqiz74bfjeixd 
      Managers: 1 
      Nodes: 2 
      Orchestration: 
       Task History Retention Limit: 5 
      Raft: 
       Snapshot Interval: 10000 
       Number of Old Snapshots to Retain: 0 
       Heartbeat Tick: 1 
       Election Tick: 3 
      Dispatcher: 
       Heartbeat Period: 5 seconds 
      CA Configuration: 
       Expiry Duration: 3 months 
      Root Rotation In Progress: false 
      Node Address: 172.16.66.128 172.16.66.129 
      Manager Addresses: 
       172.16.66.128:2477 
     Runtimes: runc 
     Default Runtime: runc 
     Init Binary: docker-init 
     containerd version: 8517738ba4b82aff5662c97ca4627e7e4d03b531 
     runc version: ac031b5bf1cc92239461125f4c1ffb760522bbf2 
     init version: N/A (expected: v0.13.0) 
     Security Options: 
      apparmor 
      seccomp 
       Profile: default 
     Kernel Version: 4.4.0-31-generic 
     Operating System: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS 
     OSType: linux 
     Architecture: x86_64 
     CPUs: 2 
     Total Memory: 1.937 GiB 
     Name: ubuntu 
     ID: H52R:7ZR6:EIIA:76JG:ORIY:BVKF:GSFU:HNPG:B5MK:APSC:SZ3Q:N326 
     Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker 
     Debug Mode: true 
      File Descriptors: 30 
      Goroutines: 123 
      System Time: 2016-11-12T17:24:37.955404361-08:00 
      EventsListeners: 0 
     Http Proxy: http://test:test@proxy.example.com:8080 
     Https Proxy: https://test:test@proxy.example.com:8080 
     No Proxy: localhost,127.0.0.1,docker-registry.somecorporation.com 
     Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ 
     WARNING: No swap limit support 
     Labels: 
      storage=ssd 
      staging=true 
     Experimental: false 
     Insecure Registries: 
      127.0.0.0/8 
     Registry Mirrors: 
       http://192.168.1.2/ 
       http://registry-mirror.example.com:5000/ 
     Live Restore Enabled: false 

    Note: In case you get below error after running “docker info” commandone way is to add sudo in front and run the command, OR you can refer to the same error-resolving steps mentioned under Running Docker Images section. 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    Running Docker Images and Verifying the process: 

    To check whether you can access and download the images from Docker Hub, run the following command: 

    sudo docker run hello-world

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu
    In case of errors received after running the docker run command, you can correct it using the following steps, otherwise proceed with the next step of checking the image. 

    ERROR: docker: Got permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at unix:///var/run/docker.sock: Post http://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdocker.sock/v1.35/containers/create: dial unix /var/run/docker.sockconnect: permission denied. See 'docker run --help'.   

    • Create the docker group if it does not exist 

    sudo groupadd docker 
    • Add your user to the docker group. 

      sudo usermod -aG docker $USER   

    Eg:- sudo usermod -aG docker kanav 

    • Run the following command or Logout and login again and run ( if that doesn't work you may need to reboot your machine first) 

     newgrp docker 
    • Check if docker can be run without root 

    docker run hello-world 

    If the problem still continues, try to reboot it and run the command. 

    • To check the image, use this command: 

    sudo docker images 

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    Uninstall Procedure: 

    Below are the common commands used to remove images and containers: 

    sudo  apt-get  purge docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 

    To completely uninstall Docker, use below: 

    • To identify what are the installed packagesthis is the command: 

    dpkg -l | grep -i docker

    How to Install Docker on Ubuntu

    sudo apt-get purge -y docker-engine docker docker.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli 
    sudo apt-get autoremove -y --purge docker-engine docker docker.io docker-ce   
    • To remove images, containers, volumes, or user created configuration files, these commands can be used: 
    • sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker /etc/docker 
    • sudo rm /etc/apparmor.d/docker 
    • sudo groupdel docker 
    • sudo rm -rf /var/run/docker.sock  

    Conclusion: 

    If you found this Install Docker on Ubuntu blog relevant and useful, do check out the Docker-Training workshop from KnowledgeHut, where you can get equipped with all the basic and advanced concepts of Docker! 

    Profile

    Kanav Preet

    Author

    Kanav is working as SRE in leading fintech firm having experience in CICD Pipeline, Cloud, Automation, Build Release  and Deployment. She is passionate about leveraging technology to build innovative and effective software solutions. Her insight, passion and energy results in her engaging a strong clientele who move ahead with her ideas. She has done various certifications in  Continuous delivery & DevOps (University of Virginia), tableau , Linux (Linux foundation) and many more.

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